Researchers at the corporate research school Exact have developed a new cellulose-based nanomaterial. The density of this new material makes it a greener and more sustainable alternative, for example as a coating in packaging.
The new cellulose nanomaterial has been created through a special process called Fenton oxidation. This process is based on hydrogen peroxide and iron ions reacting together, which breaks down cellulose fibers in a controlled way. When combined with mechanical treatment, the fibers become highly refined, almost as if they are “frayed” at the micron level.
– In my doctoral project I focus on new processes and new applications of different types of nanocellulose, says Morassa Raouf, PhD student in chemical engineering. An obvious area is barrier coatings and films for paper and packaging. Another could be applications in coatings for separator membranes in batteries.
Using microscope images, the study clearly showed the difference between untreated wood fibers and those that had undergone the Fenton process. The treated fibers had a more dissolved structure, making them easier to use in new materials.
Researchers also examined how the fibers behave when water flows through them. Measurements showed that they had acquired more negative charges thanks to new carboxyl groups. These charges are important because they allow the nanofibers to disperse evenly and remain stable. Tests with infrared spectroscopy confirmed that carboxyl groups had indeed formed.
Improvements in Material Density
The new material was applied as a coating on paper, without any additives. Analysis of the coated surfaces showed improvements in material density. This means the material can provide paper with better barrier functions, for example against moisture.
– In summary, the results show that Fenton oxidation is an effective method for creating small-scale, high-quality cellulose materials with tailored properties, says Morassa Raouf. It opens the door to new applications in sustainable coatings and green materials technology.
Fenton oxidation is a chemical process in which hydrogen peroxide reacts with iron ions to form highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. These radicals can break down organic substances and are therefore used, for example, to purify water from pollutants.
